POP stands for Persistent Organic Pollutants—chemicals that last a long time in the environment, can travel long distances, and bioaccumulate (build up) in living organisms.

POPs are concerning because they persist and can accumulate in fatty tissue, and are linked to harmful impacts on human health and the environment.

POP chemicals are halogenated organic compounds that massively originate from industrial activities and manufactured goods, such as electrical and electronic equipment and other types of products.Persistent Organic Pollutants (POP) regulations apply to most products sold in various countries worldwide. 

Since the Stockholm Convention of 2004, many jurisdictions and markets around the world have regulated several POP substances.

As a result, various countries prohibit or restrict certain POP substances, such as:

Canada – SOR/2012-285 Prohibition of Certain Toxic Substances Regulations, and;

The European Union with:

      the Regulation 2019/1021 on persistent organic pollutants (recast) replacing the Regulation 850/2004,

      Europe RoHS, REACH SVHC, and amendments.

Examples of heavily restricted POP substances include:

     Polybromodyphenyl ethers (PBDE), which is a plastic flame retardant, restricted under both the POP and Europe RoHS regulations;

     Polybrominated Biphenyls (PBB), which is another plastic flame retardant, restricted under both the POP and Europe RoHS regulations;

     Polychlorinated Biphenyls (PCB), that has massively been used in PVC coating, in electrical wiring, and electrical components, as an insulant and insulating fluid of transformers;

     Mirex;

     Alkanes C10-C13 Chloro (short-chain chlorinated paraffins) (SCCPs), used in rubber, coating, and plastic cables;

     Pentadecafluorooctanoic acid (PFOA) and its salts and related substances, restricted under the REACH Annex XVII list.

Article 3 of the European Regulation 2019/1021 prohibits the use of any POP substances listed in Annex I on their own, in mixtures, or in articles. However, according to Article 4 of that same POP regulation, some exemptions may apply under certain conditions

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